{"id":57764,"date":"2024-04-13T22:00:57","date_gmt":"2024-04-13T19:00:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zemecs.com\/poede-dogru-kablo-nasil-secilir\/"},"modified":"2025-07-18T12:51:21","modified_gmt":"2025-07-18T09:51:21","slug":"poede-dogru-kablo-nasil-secilir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zemecs.com\/tr\/poede-dogru-kablo-nasil-secilir\/","title":{"rendered":"PoE\u2019de Do\u011fru Kablolama Nas\u0131l Yap\u0131l\u0131r?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Her y\u0131l PoE \u00fczerinden on milyonlarca cihaz a\u011fa ba\u011flan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

2019-2025 aras\u0131nda pazar\u0131n y\u0131ll\u0131k ortalama %15 b\u00fcy\u00fcyerek 2025 y\u0131l\u0131nda d\u00fcnyada PoE \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri pazar b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn 2 milyar dolara ula\u015fmas\u0131 bekleniyor.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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PoE Nedir? Avantajlar\u0131 Nelerdir?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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A\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131 bir cihaz\u0131n (kamera, eri\u015fim noktas\u0131, IP telefon, video konferans cihazlar\u0131 v.b.) \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in iki \u015fey gerekir: Veri ve g\u00fc\u00e7 beslemesi.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu iki ayr\u0131 kablolama bazen karma\u015fa yarat\u0131r.
PoE (Power over Ethernet: Eternet \u00fczerinden g\u00fc\u00e7 iletimi) teknolojisi ile Kategori 5e ve \u00fczeri s\u0131n\u0131flardaki kablolar\u0131n perleri \u00fczerinden ayn\u0131 anda g\u00fc\u00e7 iletimi de yap\u0131larak hem zamandan ve maliyetten tasarruf sa\u011flan\u0131r; hem de a\u011f donan\u0131m\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fckten, yetersiz g\u00fc\u00e7ten veya yanl\u0131\u015f kurulum kaynakl\u0131 ar\u0131zalardan korunur.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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PoE S\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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IEEE 802.3 standard\u0131na g\u00f6re 4 farkl\u0131 PoE s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 mevcuttur. Bunlar\u0131n teknik detaylar\u0131 Tablo-1<\/strong>\u2019de g\u00f6sterildi:<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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IEEE Standard\u0131<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/th>
PoE Tipi<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/th>
G\u00fc\u00e7 \u0130leten Per Say\u0131s\u0131<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/th>
G\u00fc\u00e7 Kaynak Cihaz\u0131ndaki DC \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f Gerilimi<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/th>
G\u00fc\u00e7 Kaynak Cihaz\u0131n\u0131n \u0130letti\u011fi G\u00fc\u00e7<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/th>
Hedef Cihazdaki Voltaj<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/th>
Hedef Cihazdaki G\u00fc\u00e7<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/th>
Maks. Per Ba\u015f\u0131na Azami Ak\u0131m<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
802.3af<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
Ti\u011f 1 (\u201cPoE\u201d)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
2<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
44-57V<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
15.4W<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
37-57V<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
12.95W<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
350mA<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr>
802.3at<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
Tip 2 ( \u201cPoE+\u201d)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
2<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
50-57V<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
30W<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
42.5-57V<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
25.5W<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
600mA<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr>
802.3bt<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
Tip 3 (\u201cPoE++\u201d)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
4<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
42.5-57V<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
60W<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
42.5-57V<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
51W<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
600mA<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr>
802.3bt<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
Tip 4 (\u201cPoE++\u201d)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
4<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
41.1-57V<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
100W<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
41.1-57V<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
71W<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
960mA<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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PSE<\/strong>: Power Sourcing Equipment | PD:<\/strong> Powered Device<\/p>\n

Tablo-1: POE<\/em><\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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PoE Uygulamalar\u0131nda Dikkat Edilmesi Gereken Konular <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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PoE uygulamalar\u0131nda en \u00e7ok dikkat edilmesi gereken konu \u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Bir kablonun s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a, elektriksel performans\u0131 d\u00fc\u015febilir. G\u00fc\u00e7 iletimi nedeniyle a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kan \u0131s\u0131 etkili bir \u015fekilde da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmal\u0131 ve kablolar\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 belli de\u011ferlerin \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Daha y\u00fcksek \u0131s\u0131 da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131, fiziksel performans\u0131 ve uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6nemde.<\/p>\n

PoE uygulamalar\u0131nda iletken direnci (DCR), kabloda \u00fcretilen \u0131s\u0131 miktar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6nlendirir. Kategori 6, 6A<\/sub> ve 7A<\/sub>‘daki daha b\u00fcy\u00fck iletken boyutlar\u0131, DC direncini ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kablonun kendi i\u00e7indeki g\u00fc\u00e7 kayb\u0131n\u0131 (\u00fcretilen \u0131s\u0131 \u015feklinde kaybedilir) azalt\u0131r.
\u0130letken direncindeki her y\u00fczde birlik azalma, kabloda da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lan g\u00fcc\u00fcn ayn\u0131 oranda azalmas\u0131yla sonu\u00e7lan\u0131r. Kategori 6 kablolar, Kategori 5e’nin DCR’sinin dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcretiminin yakla\u015f\u0131k %80’ine sahip olma e\u011filimindedir.<\/p>\n

Kablo S\u0131cakl\u0131k Derecesi<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Daha y\u00fcksek kablo s\u0131cakl\u0131k dereceleri, kablo i\u00e7inde daha y\u00fcksek miktarda g\u00fc\u00e7 da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131na ve\/veya daha y\u00fcksek ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131na sahip ortamlarda kurulum yap\u0131lmas\u0131na izin verir. Kablolar i\u00e7in tipik s\u0131cakl\u0131k de\u011ferleri 60\u00b0, 75\u00b0 ve 90\u00b0C’dir. \u00d6zel uygulamalar i\u00e7in, daha y\u00fcksek performans g\u00f6steren malzemeler kullan\u0131larak \u00f6rne\u011fin 200\u00b0C gibi daha y\u00fcksek de\u011ferler elde edilebilir.<\/p>\n

\u0130letken B\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\/Direnci ve Ak\u0131m Ta\u015f\u0131ma Kapasitesi<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130letken direncini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in daha b\u00fcy\u00fck iletken boyutuna sahip bir kablo se\u00e7in.
Bir Kategori 6A<\/sub> kablosu, Kategori 5e kablosundan yakla\u015f\u0131k %10 daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir iletken boyutuna sahiptir ve daha az diren\u00e7 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

Daha y\u00fcksek iletken boyutu, daha fazla ak\u0131m ta\u015f\u0131ma kapasitesine (ampasite) i\u015faret eder ancak kablolar demet halinde bulundu\u011funda olu\u015fan s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131 nedeniyle ak\u0131m ta\u015f\u0131ma kapasiteleri azal\u0131r. Tablo-2\u2019de farkl\u0131 kablo s\u0131cakl\u0131k de\u011ferleri i\u00e7in iletken \u00e7ap\u0131na ve demet i\u00e7indeki kablo say\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re ak\u0131m ta\u015f\u0131ma kapasiteleri g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Demet \u0130\u00e7indeki 4 Per Kablo Say\u0131s\u0131<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
AWG<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
1-7<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
8-19<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
20-37<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
38-61<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
62-91<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
92-192<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr>
AWG<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
Kablo S\u0131cakl\u0131k De\u011feri<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
Kablo S\u0131cakl\u0131k De\u011feri<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
Kablo S\u0131cakl\u0131k De\u011feri<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
Kablo S\u0131cakl\u0131k De\u011feri<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
Kablo S\u0131cakl\u0131k De\u011feri<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
Kablo S\u0131cakl\u0131k De\u011feri<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr>
AWG<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
60\u00b0C | 75\u00b0C | 90\u00b0C<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
60\u00b0C | 75\u00b0C | 90\u00b0C<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
60\u00b0C | 75\u00b0C | 90\u00b0C<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
60\u00b0C | 75\u00b0C | 90\u00b0C<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
60\u00b0C | 75\u00b0C | 90\u00b0C<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
60\u00b0C | 75\u00b0C | 90\u00b0C<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u0130letken Ba\u015f\u0131na Azami Ak\u0131m (A)<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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1,00 | 1,23 | 1,42<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
0,71 | 0,87 | 1,02<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
0,55 | 0,68 | 0,78<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
0,46 | 0,57 | 0,67<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
0,45 | 0,55 | 0,64<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
N\/A | N\/A | N\/A<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr>
24<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
1,19 | 1,46 | 1,69<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
0,81 | 1,01 | 1,17<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
0,63 | 0,78 | 0,91<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
0,55 | 0,67 | 0,78<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
0,46 | 0,56 | 0,65<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
0,40 | 0,48 | 0,55<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr>
23<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
1,24 | 1,53 | 1,78<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
0,89 | 1,11 | 1,28<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
0,77 | 0,95 | 1,10<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
0,66 | 0,80 | 0,93<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
0,58 | 0,71 | 0,82<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
0,45 | 0,55 | 0,63<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr>
22<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
1,50 | 1,86 | 2,16<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
1,04 | 1,28 | 1,49<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
0,77 | 0,95 | 1,11<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
0,66 | 0,82 | 0,96<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
0,62 | 0,77 | 0,89<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
0,53 | 0,63 | 0,71<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Tablo-2: Farkl\u0131 kablo s\u0131cakl\u0131k de\u011ferleri i\u00e7in iletken \u00e7ap\u0131na ve demet i\u00e7indeki kablo say\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re ak\u0131m ta\u015f\u0131ma kapasiteleri (30\u00b0C ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7inr)<\/em><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Ek Kayb\u0131, Ekranlama Ve K\u0131l\u0131f<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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PoE i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lacak kablonun g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve performans\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ek kayb\u0131 kritik bir fakt\u00f6r.
Ek kayb\u0131, “al\u0131nan ve g\u00f6nderilen” sinyal g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn oran\u0131 olarak hesaplanabilir.<\/p>\n

Daha fazla g\u00fc\u00e7, kablolar\u0131n hasar g\u00f6rmesine yol a\u00e7abilecek artan kablo s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131 ile daha y\u00fcksek ek kayb\u0131 seviyelerine neden olabilir.
UTP (ekrans\u0131z b\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc \u00e7ift kablo), \u0131s\u0131y\u0131 etkili bir \u015fekilde da\u011f\u0131tamad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan PoE uygulamalar\u0131 i\u00e7in b\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc \u00e7ift bak\u0131r kablolar tipik olarak F\/UTP’dir (bir kablo k\u0131l\u0131f\u0131 i\u00e7inde bir t\u00fcr ekranlama ile \u00e7evrelenen d\u00f6rt b\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc \u00e7ift).<\/p>\n

Daha da \u00f6nemlisi, TIA standard\u0131 568-C.2, korumal\u0131 kablolar i\u00e7in UTP kablolar\u0131na g\u00f6re 2,5 kat daha fazla ek kayb\u0131 art\u0131\u015f\u0131na izin verir. B\u00f6ylece y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda kurulu sistemlerin kararl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f olur.<\/p>\n

Kurulum <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

S\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n artmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in kablolar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck demetler halinde \u00e7ekilmesinden, demetlerin birbirine \u00e7ok yak\u0131n olmas\u0131ndan ve standartlara uygun olmayan tasar\u0131m ve i\u015f\u00e7ilik ko\u015fullar\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Is\u0131 \u00dcretimi Nas\u0131l En Aza \u0130ndirgenir?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Kablolarda a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kan \u0131s\u0131y\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in kablolama sisteminin tasarlanmas\u0131 ve uygulanmas\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tedbirleri alabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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